Profit and Loss – Complete Explanation with Examples for JNV Class 6 Entrance Exam

When we prepare for **Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya (JNV) Class 6 Entrance Exam**, one of the most important topics in Mathematics is **Profit and Loss**. Many students find this chapter confusing in the beginning, but once you understand the logic with simple examples, it becomes very easy to solve.

In this blog, we will learn:

 What is Cost Price (C.P.) and Selling Price (S.P.)

* Meaning of Profit and Loss

* Important formulas with tricks

* Solved examples step by step

* Practice questions for JNV Class 6 Entrance

This blog is specially written in a simple style for **JNV aspirants**, so you can easily follow along.

👉 For more JNV Entrance study material, visit [www.jnvs.in](https://www.jnvs.in).

## What is Cost Price (C.P.)?

The price at which a shopkeeper buys an item is called the **Cost Price (C.P.)**.

* Example: A shopkeeper buys a pen for ₹10. Here, ₹10 is the **C.P.**

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## What is Selling Price (S.P.)?

The price at which a shopkeeper sells the item is called the **Selling Price (S.P.)**.

* Example: If the shopkeeper sells the pen for ₹15, then ₹15 is the **S.P.**

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## What is Profit?

If the **Selling Price (S.P.) > Cost Price (C.P.)**, the shopkeeper earns **Profit**.

**Formula:**

👉 Profit = S.P. – C.P.

**Example:**

* A toy is bought for ₹50 (C.P.).

* The toy is sold for ₹70 (S.P.).

* Profit = 70 – 50 = ₹20.

So, the shopkeeper earned a profit of **₹20**.

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## What is Loss?

If the **Selling Price (S.P.) < Cost Price (C.P.)**, the shopkeeper suffers a **Loss**.

**Formula:**

👉 Loss = C.P. – S.P.

**Example:**

* A bat is bought for ₹120 (C.P.).

* The bat is sold for ₹100 (S.P.).

* Loss = 120 – 100 = ₹20.

So, the shopkeeper suffered a loss of **₹20**.

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## Profit Percentage and Loss Percentage

Sometimes, the question will ask you to calculate **Profit %** or **Loss %**.

Here is the formula:

* **Profit % = (Profit ÷ C.P.) × 100**

* **Loss % = (Loss ÷ C.P.) × 100**

**Example (Profit %):**

* C.P. = ₹200, S.P. = ₹250

* Profit = 250 – 200 = ₹50

* Profit % = (50 ÷ 200) × 100 = 25%

**Example (Loss %):**

* C.P. = ₹400, S.P. = ₹320

* Loss = 400 – 320 = ₹80

* Loss % = (80 ÷ 400) × 100 = 20%

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## Important Points to Remember

1. Always compare **C.P.** and **S.P.** to find Profit or Loss.

2. Profit % and Loss % are always calculated **on Cost Price (C.P.)**.

3. If Profit % or Loss % is given, you can use reverse calculation.

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## Solved Examples for JNV Class 6

### Example 1:

A book is bought for ₹80 and sold for ₹100. Find Profit and Profit %.

**Solution:**

C.P. = 80, S.P. = 100

Profit = 100 – 80 = ₹20

Profit % = (20 ÷ 80) × 100 = 25%

👉 Profit = ₹20, Profit % = 25%

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### Example 2:

A cycle is bought for ₹1500 and sold for ₹1200. Find Loss and Loss %.

**Solution:**

C.P. = 1500, S.P. = 1200

Loss = 1500 – 1200 = ₹300

Loss % = (300 ÷ 1500) × 100 = 20%

👉 Loss = ₹300, Loss % = 20%

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### Example 3:

A shopkeeper bought a box of pencils for ₹250. He sold them for ₹300. Find the Profit %?

**Solution:**

Profit = 300 – 250 = ₹50

Profit % = (50 ÷ 250) × 100 = 20%

👉 Profit % = 20%

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### Example 4 (Reverse Problem):

A man sells an article for ₹960 at a loss of 20%. Find the Cost Price.

**Solution:**

Loss % = 20%

S.P. = ₹960

Formula:

S.P. = (100 – Loss %) ÷ 100 × C.P.

960 = (80 ÷ 100) × C.P.

C.P. = (960 × 100) ÷ 80 = ₹1200

👉 Cost Price = ₹1200

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### Example 5 (Higher Level):

A shopkeeper bought 20 pens for ₹200. He sold each pen for ₹15. Find his Profit or Loss %.

**Solution:**

Total C.P. = ₹200

Total S.P. = 20 × 15 = ₹300

Profit = 300 – 200 = ₹100

Profit % = (100 ÷ 200) × 100 = 50%

👉 Profit = ₹100, Profit % = 50%

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## Practice Questions for JNV Exam

1. A shirt is bought for ₹400 and sold for ₹500. Find Profit %?

2. A bat is bought for ₹750 and sold for ₹600. Find Loss %.

3. A book is bought for ₹120 and sold at a profit of 25%. Find the Selling Price.

4. A toy is bought for ₹240 and sold at a loss of 10%. Find the Selling Price.

5. A shopkeeper bought 50 pencils for ₹100. He sold each pencil for ₹3. Find his Profit or Loss %.

👉 Try solving these before checking the answers.

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## Why Profit and Loss is Important for JNV Class 6 Exam?

* Questions from this topic **always come in the exam**.

* Helps to improve calculation speed.

* Builds strong foundation for higher classes.

When you practice more, you will not only score well in **Mathematics section of JNV Exam**, but also become confident in real life money-related problems.

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## Final Tips

1. Learn the formulas by heart.

2. Always check whether it is **Profit** or **Loss** before applying the formula.

3. Practice at least **20–30 problems** before the exam.

4. Focus on **percentage calculation tricks**.

👉 For more **JNV Class 6 Entrance preparation material, model papers, and tips**, visit [www.jnvs.in](https://www.jnvs.in).

 Conclusion

The chapter of **Profit and Loss** may look difficult at first, but with practice and clear understanding, it becomes one of the easiest scoring topics. Remember, in the **JNV Class 6 Entrance Exam**, speed and accuracy matter the most. So keep practicing regularly.

If you want free study notes, practice questions, and detailed guidance for the **JNV Class 6 Entrance Exam**, keep checking [www.jnvs.in](https://www.jnvs.in).

With focus and practice, you can easily master this topic and achieve success in your JNV Entrance journey.